A lead mine is a site for the extraction of natural deposits of lead from the earth. Lead is a dull, heavy, grayish, highly toxic metal and a chemical element with atomic number 82. It is used extensively in heavy-duty batteries, and has occasional architectural applications as a roofing material or in framing multi-lit or stained glass windows.

Lead is often mined together with copper, silver, and zinc, as these elements often occur in the same minerals. Mines with large deposits of galena (a mineral with 86.6% lead content) may be listed solely as lead mines. Some deposits can be worked at relatively low lead grades; viability depends on the deposit and operating conditions.

Lead may be the sole listed mining product or be recovered with other metals. The grade of a deposit alone does not establish a universal economic threshold or require exclusive lead production.